use std::error::Error;
use std::fmt;
use std::io;
use std::marker;
use std::slice;

use libc::{c_int, c_uint};

use Compression;
use ffi;

/// Raw in-memory compression stream for blocks of data.
///
/// This type is the building block for the I/O streams in the rest of this
/// crate. It requires more management than the [`Read`]/[`Write`] API but is
/// maximally flexible in terms of accepting input from any source and being
/// able to produce output to any memory location.
///
/// It is recommended to use the I/O stream adaptors over this type as they're
/// easier to use.
///
/// [`Read`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html
/// [`Write`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Compress {
    inner: Stream<DirCompress>,
}

/// Raw in-memory decompression stream for blocks of data.
///
/// This type is the building block for the I/O streams in the rest of this
/// crate. It requires more management than the [`Read`]/[`Write`] API but is
/// maximally flexible in terms of accepting input from any source and being
/// able to produce output to any memory location.
///
/// It is recommended to use the I/O stream adaptors over this type as they're
/// easier to use.
///
/// [`Read`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html
/// [`Write`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Decompress {
    inner: Stream<DirDecompress>,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct Stream<D: Direction> {
    stream_wrapper: ffi::StreamWrapper,
    total_in: u64,
    total_out: u64,
    _marker: marker::PhantomData<D>,
}

unsafe impl<D: Direction> Send for Stream<D> {}
unsafe impl<D: Direction> Sync for Stream<D> {}

trait Direction {
    unsafe fn destroy(stream: *mut ffi::mz_stream) -> c_int;
}

#[derive(Debug)]
enum DirCompress {}
#[derive(Debug)]
enum DirDecompress {}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
/// Values which indicate the form of flushing to be used when compressing
/// in-memory data.
pub enum FlushCompress {
    /// A typical parameter for passing to compression/decompression functions,
    /// this indicates that the underlying stream to decide how much data to
    /// accumulate before producing output in order to maximize compression.
    None = ffi::MZ_NO_FLUSH as isize,

    /// All pending output is flushed to the output buffer and the output is
    /// aligned on a byte boundary so that the decompressor can get all input
    /// data available so far.
    ///
    /// Flushing may degrade compression for some compression algorithms and so
    /// it should only be used when necessary. This will complete the current
    /// deflate block and follow it with an empty stored block.
    Sync = ffi::MZ_SYNC_FLUSH as isize,

    /// All pending output is flushed to the output buffer, but the output is
    /// not aligned to a byte boundary.
    ///
    /// All of the input data so far will be available to the decompressor (as
    /// with `Flush::Sync`. This completes the current deflate block and follows
    /// it with an empty fixed codes block that is 10 bites long, and it assures
    /// that enough bytes are output in order for the decompessor to finish the
    /// block before the empty fixed code block.
    Partial = ffi::MZ_PARTIAL_FLUSH as isize,

    /// All output is flushed as with `Flush::Sync` and the compression state is
    /// reset so decompression can restart from this point if previous
    /// compressed data has been damaged or if random access is desired.
    ///
    /// Using this option too often can seriously degrade compression.
    Full = ffi::MZ_FULL_FLUSH as isize,

    /// Pending input is processed and pending output is flushed.
    ///
    /// The return value may indicate that the stream is not yet done and more
    /// data has yet to be processed.
    Finish = ffi::MZ_FINISH as isize,

    #[doc(hidden)]
    _Nonexhaustive
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
/// Values which indicate the form of flushing to be used when
/// decompressing in-memory data.
pub enum FlushDecompress {
    /// A typical parameter for passing to compression/decompression functions,
    /// this indicates that the underlying stream to decide how much data to
    /// accumulate before producing output in order to maximize compression.
    None = ffi::MZ_NO_FLUSH as isize,

    /// All pending output is flushed to the output buffer and the output is
    /// aligned on a byte boundary so that the decompressor can get all input
    /// data available so far.
    ///
    /// Flushing may degrade compression for some compression algorithms and so
    /// it should only be used when necessary. This will complete the current
    /// deflate block and follow it with an empty stored block.
    Sync = ffi::MZ_SYNC_FLUSH as isize,

    /// Pending input is processed and pending output is flushed.
    ///
    /// The return value may indicate that the stream is not yet done and more
    /// data has yet to be processed.
    Finish = ffi::MZ_FINISH as isize,

    #[doc(hidden)]
    _Nonexhaustive
}

/// Error returned when a decompression object finds that the input stream of
/// bytes was not a valid input stream of bytes.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct DecompressError(());

/// Error returned when a compression object is used incorrectly or otherwise
/// generates an error.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CompressError(());

/// Possible status results of compressing some data or successfully
/// decompressing a block of data.
#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
pub enum Status {
    /// Indicates success.
    ///
    /// Means that more input may be needed but isn't available
    /// and/or there's more output to be written but the output buffer is full.
    Ok,

    /// Indicates that forward progress is not possible due to input or output
    /// buffers being empty.
    ///
    /// For compression it means the input buffer needs some more data or the
    /// output buffer needs to be freed up before trying again.
    ///
    /// For decompression this means that more input is needed to continue or
    /// the output buffer isn't large enough to contain the result. The function
    /// can be called again after fixing both.
    BufError,

    /// Indicates that all input has been consumed and all output bytes have
    /// been written. Decompression/compression should not be called again.
    ///
    /// For decompression with zlib streams the adler-32 of the decompressed
    /// data has also been verified.
    StreamEnd,
}

impl Compress {
    /// Creates a new object ready for compressing data that it's given.
    ///
    /// The `level` argument here indicates what level of compression is going
    /// to be performed, and the `zlib_header` argument indicates whether the
    /// output data should have a zlib header or not.
    pub fn new(level: Compression, zlib_header: bool) -> Compress {
        unsafe {
            let mut state = ffi::StreamWrapper::default();
            let ret = ffi::mz_deflateInit2(&mut *state,
                                           level.0 as c_int,
                                           ffi::MZ_DEFLATED,
                                           if zlib_header {
                                               ffi::MZ_DEFAULT_WINDOW_BITS
                                           } else {
                                               -ffi::MZ_DEFAULT_WINDOW_BITS
                                           },
                                           9,
                                           ffi::MZ_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
            debug_assert_eq!(ret, 0);
            Compress {
                inner: Stream {
                    stream_wrapper: state,
                    total_in: 0,
                    total_out: 0,
                    _marker: marker::PhantomData,
                },
            }
        }
    }

    /// Returns the total number of input bytes which have been processed by
    /// this compression object.
    pub fn total_in(&self) -> u64 {
        self.inner.total_in
    }

    /// Returns the total number of output bytes which have been produced by
    /// this compression object.
    pub fn total_out(&self) -> u64 {
        self.inner.total_out
    }

    /// Quickly resets this compressor without having to reallocate anything.
    ///
    /// This is equivalent to dropping this object and then creating a new one.
    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
        let rc = unsafe { ffi::mz_deflateReset(&mut *self.inner.stream_wrapper) };
        assert_eq!(rc, ffi::MZ_OK);

        self.inner.total_in = 0;
        self.inner.total_out = 0;
    }

    /// Compresses the input data into the output, consuming only as much
    /// input as needed and writing as much output as possible.
    ///
    /// The flush option can be any of the available `FlushCompress` parameters.
    ///
    /// To learn how much data was consumed or how much output was produced, use
    /// the `total_in` and `total_out` functions before/after this is called.
    pub fn compress(&mut self,
                    input: &[u8],
                    output: &mut [u8],
                    flush: FlushCompress)
                    -> Result<Status, CompressError> {
        let raw = &mut *self.inner.stream_wrapper;
        raw.next_in = input.as_ptr() as *mut _;
        raw.avail_in = input.len() as c_uint;
        raw.next_out = output.as_mut_ptr();
        raw.avail_out = output.len() as c_uint;

        let rc = unsafe { ffi::mz_deflate(raw, flush as c_int) };

        // Unfortunately the total counters provided by zlib might be only
        // 32 bits wide and overflow while processing large amounts of data.
        self.inner.total_in += (raw.next_in as usize -
                                input.as_ptr() as usize) as u64;
        self.inner.total_out += (raw.next_out as usize -
                                 output.as_ptr() as usize) as u64;

        match rc {
            ffi::MZ_OK => Ok(Status::Ok),
            ffi::MZ_BUF_ERROR => Ok(Status::BufError),
            ffi::MZ_STREAM_END => Ok(Status::StreamEnd),
            ffi::MZ_STREAM_ERROR => Err(CompressError(())),
            c => panic!("unknown return code: {}", c),
        }
    }

    /// Compresses the input data into the extra space of the output, consuming
    /// only as much input as needed and writing as much output as possible.
    ///
    /// This function has the same semantics as `compress`, except that the
    /// length of `vec` is managed by this function. This will not reallocate
    /// the vector provided or attempt to grow it, so space for the output must
    /// be reserved in the output vector by the caller before calling this
    /// function.
    pub fn compress_vec(&mut self,
                        input: &[u8],
                        output: &mut Vec<u8>,
                        flush: FlushCompress)
                        -> Result<Status, CompressError> {
        let cap = output.capacity();
        let len = output.len();

        unsafe {
            let before = self.total_out();
            let ret = {
                let ptr = output.as_mut_ptr().offset(len as isize);
                let out = slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, cap - len);
                self.compress(input, out, flush)
            };
            output.set_len((self.total_out() - before) as usize + len);
            return ret
        }
    }
}

impl Decompress {
    /// Creates a new object ready for decompressing data that it's given.
    ///
    /// The `zlib_header` argument indicates whether the input data is expected
    /// to have a zlib header or not.
    pub fn new(zlib_header: bool) -> Decompress {
        unsafe {
            let mut state = ffi::StreamWrapper::default();
            let ret = ffi::mz_inflateInit2(&mut *state,
                                           if zlib_header {
                                               ffi::MZ_DEFAULT_WINDOW_BITS
                                           } else {
                                               -ffi::MZ_DEFAULT_WINDOW_BITS
                                           });
            debug_assert_eq!(ret, 0);
            Decompress {
                inner: Stream {
                    stream_wrapper: state,
                    total_in: 0,
                    total_out: 0,
                    _marker: marker::PhantomData,
                },
            }
        }
    }

    /// Returns the total number of input bytes which have been processed by
    /// this decompression object.
    pub fn total_in(&self) -> u64 {
        self.inner.total_in
    }

    /// Returns the total number of output bytes which have been produced by
    /// this decompression object.
    pub fn total_out(&self) -> u64 {
        self.inner.total_out
    }

    /// Decompresses the input data into the output, consuming only as much
    /// input as needed and writing as much output as possible.
    ///
    /// The flush option can be any of the available `FlushDecompress` parameters.
    ///
    /// If the first call passes `FlushDecompress::Finish` it is assumed that
    /// the input and output buffers are both sized large enough to decompress
    /// the entire stream in a single call.
    ///
    /// A flush value of `FlushDecompress::Finish` indicates that there are no
    /// more source bytes available beside what's already in the input buffer,
    /// and the output buffer is large enough to hold the rest of the
    /// decompressed data.
    ///
    /// To learn how much data was consumed or how much output was produced, use
    /// the `total_in` and `total_out` functions before/after this is called.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// If the input data to this instance of `Decompress` is not a valid
    /// zlib/deflate stream then this function may return an instance of
    /// `DecompressError` to indicate that the stream of input bytes is corrupted.
    pub fn decompress(&mut self,
                      input: &[u8],
                      output: &mut [u8],
                      flush: FlushDecompress)
                      -> Result<Status, DecompressError> {
        let raw = &mut *self.inner.stream_wrapper;
        raw.next_in = input.as_ptr() as *mut u8;
        raw.avail_in = input.len() as c_uint;
        raw.next_out = output.as_mut_ptr();
        raw.avail_out = output.len() as c_uint;

        let rc = unsafe { ffi::mz_inflate(raw, flush as c_int) };

        // Unfortunately the total counters provided by zlib might be only
        // 32 bits wide and overflow while processing large amounts of data.
        self.inner.total_in += (raw.next_in as usize -
                                input.as_ptr() as usize) as u64;
        self.inner.total_out += (raw.next_out as usize -
                                 output.as_ptr() as usize) as u64;

        match rc {
            ffi::MZ_DATA_ERROR |
            ffi::MZ_STREAM_ERROR => Err(DecompressError(())),
            ffi::MZ_OK => Ok(Status::Ok),
            ffi::MZ_BUF_ERROR => Ok(Status::BufError),
            ffi::MZ_STREAM_END => Ok(Status::StreamEnd),
            c => panic!("unknown return code: {}", c),
        }
    }

    /// Decompresses the input data into the extra space in the output vector
    /// specified by `output`.
    ///
    /// This function has the same semantics as `decompress`, except that the
    /// length of `vec` is managed by this function. This will not reallocate
    /// the vector provided or attempt to grow it, so space for the output must
    /// be reserved in the output vector by the caller before calling this
    /// function.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// If the input data to this instance of `Decompress` is not a valid
    /// zlib/deflate stream then this function may return an instance of
    /// `DecompressError` to indicate that the stream of input bytes is corrupted.
    pub fn decompress_vec(&mut self,
                          input: &[u8],
                          output: &mut Vec<u8>,
                          flush: FlushDecompress)
                          -> Result<Status, DecompressError> {
        let cap = output.capacity();
        let len = output.len();

        unsafe {
            let before = self.total_out();
            let ret = {
                let ptr = output.as_mut_ptr().offset(len as isize);
                let out = slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, cap - len);
                self.decompress(input, out, flush)
            };
            output.set_len((self.total_out() - before) as usize + len);
            return ret
        }
    }

    /// Performs the equivalent of replacing this decompression state with a
    /// freshly allocated copy.
    ///
    /// This function may not allocate memory, though, and attempts to reuse any
    /// previously existing resources.
    ///
    /// The argument provided here indicates whether the reset state will
    /// attempt to decode a zlib header first or not.
    pub fn reset(&mut self, zlib_header: bool) {
        self._reset(zlib_header);
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "zlib")]
    fn _reset(&mut self, zlib_header: bool) {
        let bits = if zlib_header {
            ffi::MZ_DEFAULT_WINDOW_BITS
        } else {
            -ffi::MZ_DEFAULT_WINDOW_BITS
        };
        unsafe {
            ffi::inflateReset2(&mut *self.inner.stream_wrapper, bits);
        }
        self.inner.total_out = 0;
        self.inner.total_in = 0;
    }

    #[cfg(not(feature = "zlib"))]
    fn _reset(&mut self, zlib_header: bool) {
        *self = Decompress::new(zlib_header);
    }
}

impl Error for DecompressError {
    fn description(&self) -> &str { "deflate decompression error" }
}

impl From<DecompressError> for io::Error {
    fn from(data: DecompressError) -> io::Error {
        io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, data)
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for DecompressError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        self.description().fmt(f)
    }
}

impl Error for CompressError {
    fn description(&self) -> &str { "deflate compression error" }
}

impl From<CompressError> for io::Error {
    fn from(data: CompressError) -> io::Error {
        io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, data)
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for CompressError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        self.description().fmt(f)
    }
}

impl Direction for DirCompress {
    unsafe fn destroy(stream: *mut ffi::mz_stream) -> c_int {
        ffi::mz_deflateEnd(stream)
    }
}
impl Direction for DirDecompress {
    unsafe fn destroy(stream: *mut ffi::mz_stream) -> c_int {
        ffi::mz_inflateEnd(stream)
    }
}

impl<D: Direction> Drop for Stream<D> {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        unsafe {
            let _ = D::destroy(&mut *self.stream_wrapper);
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use std::io::Write;

    use write;
    use {Compression, Decompress, FlushDecompress};

    #[test]
    fn issue51() {
        let data = vec![
            0x1f, 0x8b, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0xb3, 0xc9,
            0x28, 0xc9, 0xcd, 0xb1, 0xe3, 0xe5, 0xb2, 0xc9, 0x48, 0x4d, 0x4c, 0xb1,
            0xb3, 0x29, 0xc9, 0x2c, 0xc9, 0x49, 0xb5, 0x33, 0x31, 0x30, 0x51, 0xf0,
            0xcb, 0x2f, 0x51, 0x70, 0xcb, 0x2f, 0xcd, 0x4b, 0xb1, 0xd1, 0x87, 0x08,
            0xda, 0xe8, 0x83, 0x95, 0x00, 0x95, 0x26, 0xe5, 0xa7, 0x54, 0x2a, 0x24,
            0xa5, 0x27, 0xe7, 0xe7, 0xe4, 0x17, 0xd9, 0x2a, 0x95, 0x67, 0x64, 0x96,
            0xa4, 0x2a, 0x81, 0x8c, 0x48, 0x4e, 0xcd, 0x2b, 0x49, 0x2d, 0xb2, 0xb3,
            0xc9, 0x30, 0x44, 0x37, 0x01, 0x28, 0x62, 0xa3, 0x0f, 0x95, 0x06, 0xd9,
            0x05, 0x54, 0x04, 0xe5, 0xe5, 0xa5, 0x67, 0xe6, 0x55, 0xe8, 0x1b, 0xea,
            0x99, 0xe9, 0x19, 0x21, 0xab, 0xd0, 0x07, 0xd9, 0x01, 0x32, 0x53, 0x1f,
            0xea, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x94, 0x85, 0xeb, 0xe4, 0xa8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
        ];

        let mut decoded = Vec::with_capacity(data.len()*2);

        let mut d = Decompress::new(false);
        // decompressed whole deflate stream
        assert!(d.decompress_vec(&data[10..], &mut decoded, FlushDecompress::Finish).is_ok());

        // decompress data that has nothing to do with the deflate stream (this
        // used to panic)
        drop(d.decompress_vec(&[0], &mut decoded, FlushDecompress::None));
    }

    #[test]
    fn reset() {
        let string = "hello world".as_bytes();
        let mut zlib = Vec::new();
        let mut deflate = Vec::new();

        let comp = Compression::default();
        write::ZlibEncoder::new(&mut zlib, comp).write_all(string).unwrap();
        write::DeflateEncoder::new(&mut deflate, comp).write_all(string).unwrap();

        let mut dst = [0; 1024];
        let mut decoder = Decompress::new(true);
        decoder.decompress(&zlib, &mut dst, FlushDecompress::Finish).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(decoder.total_out(), string.len() as u64);
        assert!(dst.starts_with(string));

        decoder.reset(false);
        decoder.decompress(&deflate, &mut dst, FlushDecompress::Finish).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(decoder.total_out(), string.len() as u64);
        assert!(dst.starts_with(string));
    }
}